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Study on Preparation and Catalytic Performances of Biomass Char Sulfonic Acids

Author: XuQiong
Tutor: YinZuoLin
School: Hunan Normal University
Course: Organic Chemistry
Keywords: Biomass Sulfuric acid catalyst carbonization Low temperature pyrolysis carbonization Carbon sulfonic acid catalyst Structural characterization Catalytic properties
CLC: TQ227
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 201
Quote: 1
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Abstract

Biomass derived from photosynthesis is widespread and a wide range of renewable resources in the Earth, it can provide energy for human beings but also into new materials. Therefore the graduate material resources into the new way to increase the development and utilization of biomass resources, will allow the modern industrial longer be overly dependent on mineral resources, has a very important economic and social significance. This paper around the development of new catalytic materials, new ways to explore the preparation of solid acid materials from biomass resources. The proposed new method of sulfuric acid catalyst carbonized biomass, i.e. obtained by the sulfuric acid-catalyzed biomass dehydration can be functionalized New Carbon, and then sulfonated to obtain biomass char sulfonate. Investigated a variety of biomass feedstocks by sulfuric acid catalyzed carbonization - the sulfonated prepared raw the biochar acid process conditions. Borrow existing pyrolysis carbonization technology on the basis of literature, to obtain the characteristic structure of the novel carbon material to design experiments for the target, by low temperature pyrolysis carbonization - sulfonation method successfully achieved bamboo, pine plant material to charcoal sulfonic the conversion of the material. Discloses the structural characteristics of the novel Carbons carbon sulfonic prepared biochar sulfonic acid catalytic function of esterification, condensation, and a condensing carbonyl such as reaction probe systems investigated. Comparative study of the biochar acid sulfuric acid catalyzed carbonization - SULFONATING and pyrolysis charring - sulfonated method prepare students. The main contents are as follows: 1. Summarizes the development theory and technology research in recent years, biomass conversion, from the pyrolysis kinetics and product formation pathway two reviewed the research progress of biomass pyrolysis carbonization mechanism. , But also summarizes the typical sulfonic acid resin, inorganic - organic hybrid mesoporous silicon sulfonic acid catalytic applications in organic synthesis reactions and Research from biomass feedstock preparation of solid acid. Biomass resources including carbohydrates, plant fiber, herbs, woody plants as raw material, through carbonization, sulfonation can be obtained based on the class of graphene or condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons on New Carbon bonded sulfonic acid groups, order to clearly reflect its source, the structural and functional properties, can be commonly referred to as the the the \3. Inspired by the catalyst used in the process of organic reactions, to explore the ways of the conversion of biomass in the acid-catalyzed dehydration charring. First, the sulfuric acid as a raw material transformation process of dehydration carbonization catalyst, opened up new avenues for an effective use of biomass resources, namely sulfuric acid the catalytic carbonization - sulfonating method. Second, improved method of conventional pyrolysis of biomass conversion technologies, low temperature pyrolysis carbonization - SULFONATING. The use of phosphoric acid or zinc chloride solution pretreatment, under low temperature conditions pyrolysis carbonized sulfonated charcoal sulfonic acid catalyst from bamboo sawdust prepared. From biomass feedstock diversity considerations, explore the universal applicability of the sulfuric acid catalyzed carbonization - SULFONATING in biomass conversion. Sources of raw materials, including carbohydrate raw material glucose, sucrose, starch, natural fiber raw cotton fibers, herb raw bamboo sawdust, woody raw pine needles, pine bark, pine cones and pine sawdust. These biomass feedstocks by catalytic carbonization sulfate, sulfonated, the carbon sulfonic acid material. Low temperature pyrolysis charring - SULFONATING, bamboo sawdust, pine raw materials from the plant material that is prepared by the carbon sulfonic acid. The orthogonal design, single factor experiments, the effects of carbonization conditions, of sulfonation conditions of carbon sulfonic acid amount. Using a variety of analytical tools, structure and acidity characterization of various biomass carbon materials and carbon-sulfonic acid materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis: The results show that under the experimental conditions used Carbons and carbon sulfonic acid of the biomass obtained by the two methods are amorphous; nitrogen adsorption - desorption results and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed Carbons specific surface area, pore volume is small, does not have the pore structure; infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis: The results show that the synthesis of the carbon material is a condensed aromatic ring structure with a variety of oxygen-containing functional group, a sulfonic acid group in the sulfonated the group substituted aromatics the edge of the active hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon skeleton; thermogravimetric (TG-DTG) analysis: The results show that thermal stability of sulfonic acid functional groups can reach 200 ° C. Elemental analysis (EA) and acid-base titration results show that: most of the biomass char sulfonic acid amount in 1.0 mmol g ^{-1 over the optimized conditions, the acid the 2.0 mmolg ^{- 1 . Cotton carbon acid, effects of sulfuric acid the catalytic carbonization - sulfonated prepared by hydrothermal biomass carbon sulfonic acid hydrothermal stability. The results show that: the cotton carbon sulfonic acid after 50 h in boiling water treatment increased from 2.16 mmolg ^{-1 only dropped to 1.78 mmol g ^{-1 , but still maintains the original catalytic activity. 6. Multiple acid-catalyzed reaction as a probe reaction, the application of of biochar acid catalysis in organic synthesis. Specifically, the apply prepared glucose carbon sulfonic acid by the sulfuric acid-catalyzed carbonization - Sulfonated method to the esterification reaction of acid and alcohol, sucrose carbon sulfonic acid is applied epoxycyclohexane alcoholysis reaction, the starch carbon acid catalyzed cyclohexanone self-condensation reaction, the acid-alcohol esterification reaction for detecting the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability of the cotton carbon sulfonic acid. Sulfuric acid the catalytic carbonization - sulfonated prepared charcoal sulfonic acid for chalcone synthesis reaction, pyrolysis carbonization - the sulfonated prepared charcoal sulfonic acid is used to aldehyde ketal carbonylation reaction, two ways to get the loose charcoal sulfonic acid for catalytic benzaldehyde and 2 - naphthol condensation reaction. The results showed that: the biomass char sulfonic acid as the solid acid catalyst can be effectively catalyzed the above reaction, to obtain a higher conversion rate of the reactants and the target product selectivity; in the amount of acid such as, under the same conditions, as compared with a sulfonic acid resin catalyst , equivalent or higher catalytic activity.}}}}

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