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Pike-perch (Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus)) with the optimum temperature wide, fast growth, salinity, disease resistance, meat delicious good quality, very popular in the international fish trade market, with good market prospects for aquaculture Mingteyouxin products. This study was designed observation system through pikeperch embryonic development and post-embryonic development process, the biological characteristics of pike-perch embryos and larvae, hatching rate in order to improve the artificial propagation and seed quality, as well as for future polyploid Breeding provide a theoretical basis; fish germplasm resources through research with zander karyotype and significant for the study, population identification and in situ hybridization developed the foundation for the further development of cytogenetic research and construct a physical map of the genome Fine framework provides a sound basis. The main conclusions include: 1. Continuous observation by microscopic observation and photography, pike-perch (Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus)) embryonic and larval development of observation and description. The results show that: the zander mature eggs cylindrical and spherical, pale yellow, egg diameter averaged 0.96 mm (0.90 ~ 1.01 mm), sticky. 1 ~ 2 min, after fertilization, the water swelling the formation of the perivitelline after absorbing water, the average egg diameter of 1.2 mm, egg quality is more evenly distributed. The fertilized egg in water temperature 16.0 ~ 17.2 ℃, which lasted 94 h during embryonic development from fertilization to hatching accumulated temperature of the film to 1616.8 ° C · h. The whole process of embryonic development is divided into 24, including a fertilized egg, the 2-cell stage, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell stage, 32-cell stage, 64-cell stage, multi-cell stage, blastocyst early blastocyst medium-term, closure period the low blastocyst stage, blastocyst late gastrula early, mid gastrula, the late gastrula, neurula stage embryo hole, the sarcomere period, eye base period, eye sac period, caudal appear period, crystals appear period muscular effect of the otolith of the heartbeat period, the membrane phase; statistical analysis of the average temperature and incubation time of the embryonic development of the different time and place zander linear relationship according to the formula K = N (TC) derived embryo development The speed and the water temperature is significantly correlated. And calculate the theoretical starting temperature zander fertilized egg is 7.55 ℃, and the development of the necessary theoretical effective accumulated temperature of 903.02 ° C · h. Pikeperch larvae can be divided into five periods, larval fish were a film, the eye yellow pigment period, eye melanin period, swim bladder chamber Phase, yolk exhaustion period. 2 medium RPMI l640 zander lymphocytes cultured in vitro, PHA concentration in the medium, the concentration of colchicine and hypotonic conditions in time to explore the establishment of a culture better the zander blood lymphocytes prepared chromosome specimens experimental methods. The results showed that: 0.2ml zander peripheral blood cells in 5mlRPMI1640 medium (RPMI 1640 volume fraction of 80%, the PHA was concentration is 4 ug / ml in 20% fetal calf serum, penicillin, streptomycin, card kanamycin each 100 IU / ml), 25 ℃ cultured 72 h, culture terminated before 3 ~ 5h added to a final concentration of 0.05 ug / ml colchicine about, hypotonic 50 min after fixed, drop sheets and staining, can be prepared separatist Compared good chromosome slide specimens. The test zander peripheral blood cells as material, using in vitro culture of PHA and colchicine, air-dried preparation of a chromosome and its karyotype analysis. The results showed that the: zander chromosome number 48, including two metacentric chromosomes, 10 submetacentric chromosomes, the centromere chromosome 12 sub ends and 24 ends of chromosome centromeres not found Shaped chromosome pair and with the body. Zander karyotype formula was 2n = 48,2 m 10sm 12st 24t, chromosome arm number (NF) 60.4 Ag-Ag-NORs zander chromosome banding and C-banding preliminary study The NORs banding metaphase chromosomes split phase map C-banding and karyotype analysis. The results show that: the zander metaphases Ag-NORs position in Asia and Central centromere short arm of chromosome end, the number of Ag-NORs of different cells exhibit different polymorphisms number 1 ~ 2. In interphase nuclei by silver staining showed an nucleoli in interphase nuclei number of frequency 53.99% 45.62%; 2 nucleoli in interphase nuclei number, most interphase nuclei of Ag-NoRs round dots. Karyotype analysis showed that, the NOR, zander end region of the short arm of chromosome submetacentric points in the third pair of Ag-NORs end. The chromosome 48 zander majority different sizes C-band deep-dyed, homologous chromosomes C with the size, location, and tinting strength is basically the same, different chromosome C-band intensity differences. C with zander all chromosomes are present in the positive zone, the main location for the centromeric regions, the middle zone and the end zone.
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