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With the rapid development of economic and the acceleration process ofindustrialization, it witressed that non-communicable diseases ratio out of thedisease of human increased, one of the killers injuring to health of human isdiabetes mellitus. Now there is about2.85billion diabetes mellitus patients allover the world, it is expected that the number will reach to5billion by2030.Since China has a huge population base, so the total number of diabetesmellitus patients occupies1/3of the world. According to the WHO, China willhave been paying5577billion dollar for diabetes mellitus and cardiovasculardisease associated. And diabetic nephropathy is one of the commonmicrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus, the incidence of diabeticnephropathy in many countries and regions increased year by year, theincidence have been30%.It has become the leading cause of end-stage renaldisease (about35%).Diabetic nephropathy is a common micro-vascular lesions of type2diabetes. Diabetes mellitus can damage the kidney through a variety ofmachnisms, out of which hemodynamic changes in renal, abnormal metabolismof glucose, vasoactive substances and cytokine activatied, oxidative stress,genetic and other relevant factors play a major role. While the basic pathologyof diabetic nephropathy is renal glomerular and tubular basement membranethickening and mesangial area basement membrane like material hyperplasia.In recent years, with the development of molecular biology, various bioactivesubstances in diabetic nephropathy has attracted more attentions, out of whichendothelin-1(ET-1) is one of the most powerful endogenous vasoconstrictorsubstances, can change renal hemodynamics, also can cause the mesangial areabase stacking and vascular basement membrane thickening, which causes the glomerular sclerosis, and deterioration of renal function, and has close relationwith diabetic nephropathy, development. Interleukin-8(IL-8) is the mainchemokines excreted by the renal mesangial cells and proximal renal tubularepithelial cells, and acts on the kidneys in diabetic nephropathy, and involvesinducing and maintaining the chronic inflammatory process, and closely relateswith diabetes mellitus glomerular endothelial cell injury.This research is to study the effect that the ET-1and IL-8level in thepathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, we selected20cases between2010March and2012March in China Japan Union Hospital physical examination ashealthy controls (Normal), in contract we select60cases diagnosed with type2diabetic patients clearly in endocrine outpatient and hospitalized,then dividethese60patient into three groups:type2diabetes diabetic patients withoutnephropathy called simple diabetes group (urinary albumin excretion rate <20ug/min)(SDM group)20cases recessive diabetic nephropathy group(urinary albumin excretion rate between20~200ug/min)(IDN group)20patients, overt diabetic nephropathy group (urinary albumin excretion rate>200ug/min)(ODN group)20patients. And then detect their the body massindex (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), Triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol,24hour urinary albumin then calculate UAER. Meanwhile we test plasmavasoactive substances ET-1, cytokine IL-8to compare their levels. Statisticalanalyse with SPSS13.0statistical analysis, measurement data results to mean+SD (x+s) said. Advanced line of single sample test of normality, accord withnormal distribution. Many groups of sample mean comparisons, using thesingle factor analysis of variance, two two, by Q test. Correlation analysisbetween two variables, using the linear correlation analysis. P <0.05representative was statistically significant, P <0.01represents a significant.The statistical analysis of the clinical data show：（1）each group：gender age and BMI is no statistical significance（P>0.05）.（2）Fasting plasmaglucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, low densitylipoprotein cholesterol level is: Type2diabetes Each group (SDM group, IDNgroup, ODN group)compared with healthy group was significantly higher thanthe health in control group (P <0.05), statistically significant;Type2diabetescompared among each group, no significant difference (P>0.05).(3) ET-1level compared with healthy the control group, each group ET-1content aresignificantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01), a statisticallysignificant difference; SDM group and healthy the control group compared P <0.01, IDN group compared with SDM group P <0.05, ODN group and IDNgroup compared P <0.01, also present SDM group <IDN group<ODNgroup of increasing trend，Along with the increase of the UAER，ET-1contentis higher trend（.4）IL-8level compared with normal control group，Each groupIL-8content are significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01)，astatistically significant difference，In addition, SDM group and the controlgroup health comparison(P <0.05)，IDN group compared with SDM groupP <0.05，ODN group and IDN group compared P <0.01， SDM group <IDN group <ODN group，Present obvious increasing trend，Along with theincrease of the UAER，IL-8content is higher.（5）IL-8and ET-1level in eachgroup of the correlation analysis, the blood ET-1and IL-8level is a significantpositive correlation r=0.896，P<0.01.This research shows that:（1） With the severity of diabetic nephropathy,ET-1levels gradually increased,ET-1participate in thedevelopment of diabetic nephropathy, can be used as type2diabeticnephropathy understand the severity of one of reference index，for the type2diabetic nephropathy prevention and treatment to provide targets.（2）With theseverity of diabetic nephropathy,Serum IL-8levels gradually increased, IL-8participate in the development of diabetic nephropathy, can be used as type2diabetic nephropathy understand the severity of one of reference index，for thetype2diabetic nephropathy prevention and treatment to provide targets.
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