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To screen the special physical quality indexes of swimmers which can stand for the special swimming features,analyze the relativity with special physical qualities and athletic performances,and confirm the special physical quality indexes which are highly related with athletic performances,then to provid references for special training of swimmers.The study adopts literature material method,interviews with experts, questionnaire method,testing method,pr obability method and so on to test and analyze the special physical quality indexes of 25 elite male swimmers in Liaoning province.Results showed:there were 15 special physical quality indexes which were related with special athletic performancek,50m freestyle,chinning,shoulder circuit,double skip and 200m freestyle stand for special speed,special power, specialflexibility,special coordination and special endurance respectively. Relativity between special athletic performances of different swimming stroke and physical quality indexes:(1)butterfly stroke: chinning(r=0.940,P<0.01),double skip(r-0.969,P<0.01) ,frontbent (r =0.895,P<0.05),the results of sit-ups and frontbend are better than others’,they were 69.2 times and 13.8 cm respectively,so the power of lumbar muscles and flexibility of buttlerfly swimmers are better than others’;(2)backstroke:shoul dercircuit(r=0.940,P<0.01),frontbend(r=0.842, P<0.05 ),ankle curving(r=0.872,P<0.05),the result of shoulder circuit ofbackstrokers is the best(41.1 cm),so the shoulder joint of backstrokers was more flexible thanothers’;(3)breaststroke:chinning (r-0.916,P<0.05),push-up(r-0.836,P<0.05),sit-ups(r-0.957,P<0.01),frontbend(r=0.916,P<0.05),anklecurving(r=0.937,P<0.01),the result of chinning of bresatstrokers was the best(18.3 times),so the power of upper limb of breaststrokers is best;(4)freestyle: push-up(r=0.965, P<0.01), frontb- end(r=0.987,P<0.01),shoulder circuit(r=0.971,P<0.01), in addition,butterfly stroke with freestyle (r=0.921,P<0.01),backstroke with freestyle(r-0.895,P<0.01),breaststroke with freestyle(r=0.978 ,P<0.01),above these analysis, freestyl was the basis swimming stroke of routine trainning.The study suggests:coaches should enhance the training which is with the indexes screened, and combine the training with different characters of athletes, other moter fuctions, special skills and so on to raise the motor level and achieve the best effect.
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