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The Enviromental Effects Analysis of China’s Import and Export

Author: WangYiYan
Tutor: YaoPing
School: Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Course: International trade
Keywords: The environmental effects of trade Environmental Kuznets Curve Yuan GDP energy consumption Environmental pollution Empirical Analysis
CLC: F752.6
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 212
Quote: 1
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Abstract

Three decades for the long course of history, but is passed and the achievements of China's reform and opening up 30 years, however, is not only remarkable and important. China's sustained high growth, rising living standards of the people; especially the level of China's import and export trade, the share of world trade is less than 0.1% from the beginning of the reform and opening up to trade imports and exports in 2007 ranked third in the world bits, China has undoubtedly become the world's largest trading nation. At the same time enjoying the results of economic growth and trade development, we are also faced with the negative consequences of the economic to the ecological damage to the environment. China's ecological environment situation is deteriorating, the growing incidence of major pollutants emissions exceed the environmental carrying capacity, environmental pollution, and are subject to varying degrees of damage to natural resources. Not long ago, Shandong meeting of the national key water pollution control work conference on the report shows that the current situation of our water pollution is more serious environmental emergencies was high momentum, an average of every other day it occurred, the environmental pollution complaints at 30% annually rate of increase. Seen, China's environmental situation is not optimistic. Admittedly, in the social productivity is relatively low in the beginning of the reform and opening up, China's use of the advantages of domestic natural resources to rely on the investment of resources to boost the development of the economy and temporarily ignore the protection of the ecological environment is necessary and inevitable. However, with the rapid development of the economy, the rise of the comprehensive national strength, a further extension of the kind of reliance on the resources of predatory development as well as the brutal destruction of the environment of economic development mode, it is quite unreasonable, should not be a The Third Plenum of the Party to adhere to the people-oriented, to establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, and promote the comprehensive development of the economic, social and human; \friendly society, vigorously develop the circular economy, increase the intensity of the natural ecology and environmental protection investment, strengthening resource management policy; report to the party's congress proposed the concept of ecological civilization; Olympics, Green Olympics \These major events are pushing our attention to environmental protection to a new level. Exactly how the relationship between trade and environment? Whether China's import and export trade both on the environment and what impact? We should be how to coordinate the development of good trade and environment? Based on the thinking of these problems, the author of this article research and writing. I first briefly illustrate the the article research background, purpose, meaning, and research ideas, methods to programmatic guidance, but also conducive to the reader to grasp the whole article. Finishing second more comprehensive analysis of the current research literature in the field of information on trade and environment effects at home and abroad. Due to the extremely complex problem, there is a lot of controversy, has not yet formed the same conclusion. Commentators have suggested that free trade and trade not only promote the economic development and the improvement of people's living standards, and provide financial and technical support for controlling environmental pollution; addition, the gains from trade will promote environmental policy changes to promote global environmental standards consistent . Environmentalists argue that international trade not only the destruction of the natural resources of a country, can also lead to the production of \the effectiveness of the regulations affecting the implementation of international environmental agreements. Another scholar on the relationship of trade, economic and environmental study found that the presence of correlation between the state of the environment and economic development stage. In the initial stage of economic development, economic development will lead to the deterioration of the environment; economic growth and the level of per capita income increased to a certain level, the economic growth will be accompanied by the improvement of the environment, this is the environmental Kuznets curve theory. Throughout the analysis of the issue of trade and environment effects study at home and abroad, the pure theory analysis of small, are building a trading environment effects model, through empirical analysis, to explain the environmental effects of trade. Especially in the domestic literature, research trade export articles of our environmental impact, discuss articles from the inlet angle less, while at the same time from two angles of the import and export less; research Trade of atmospheric pollutants, industrial \study is almost empty. Chapters III and IV are the focus of this article. On the basis of comprehensive analysis and understanding of the development status of China's import and export trade, and China's ecological environment change situation qualitatively explored the relationship between trade and the environment. Pointed out that the negative impact of trade on the environment has brought such as the increase in emissions of air pollutants, abandoned the cross-border transfer of pollutants, the destruction of natural resources; trade environment such as state-of-the-art environmental technology transfer, environmental standards increase the positive impact. On this basis, respectively, from the overall perspective, energy consumption point of view, the environmental pollution point of view, to construct a multifaceted evaluation system to measure the effects of the ecological environment. Variety of indicators of environmental effects, but only by an indicator or a few specific pollution emissions indicators to examine the changes in the ecological environment was not very convincing. Ecological environment, including the many levels of meaning, this paper selected three indicators of the most representative of the environmental Kuznets curve, yuan GDP energy consumption and atmospheric pollutants are three levels to comprehensive measure of ecological and environmental conditions. Specific empirical analysis, we use environmental Kuznets curve theory and 1987-2007, China's total import and export trade, SO2 emissions time series data to construct the regression model, the analysis show that, from the overall point of view, China meet the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, there is an inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve, and our current income level and economic status of China's ecological environment deteriorating conditions, income has not reached the environmental effects of a positive inflection point; Then, the paper draws on Grossman and Krueger's trade environment effects model theory, imports and exports two variables were introduced into the model, building energy consumption analysis model for China's exports and imports, combined with China's 30 provinces 2000-2006 The annual inter-provincial panel data regression analysis and the results show that the ecological environment in China's export trade and import trade from the energy consumption point of view, the opposite effect, and the negative environmental effects of the export trade than import trade bring a positive environmental effect, that is to say, the overall environmental effects of trade is negative; Finally, continue to use the theory of Grossman and Krueger's trade environment effects model, build China's exports and imports of pollution effects model regression analysis obtained consistent results with energy consumption analysis angle. For the empirical analysis, the conclusion in this article is: an inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve exists between China's trade and environment, and yet at the stage of the ecological environment deteriorating; environmental effects of China's export trade negative export growth will increasingly serious ecological situation in China; environmental effects arising from China's import trade, the growth of imports will help to improve the ecological environment in China; environmental effects of this stage, China's import and export trade as a whole generated negative , the degree of environmental damage caused by the exports greater than imports brought about by the degree of environmental improvement. Empirical Analysis of the conclusion makes sense, it allows us to recognize the environmental impact of this stage of trade overall is negative, but the role of import and export trade in which is very different. From the present point of view, although the overall environmental effects of trade on the negative, but we can not be one-sided to deny the role of trade and import part of the trade or the improvement of the ecological environment in China has a positive meaning. Therefore, in the last chapter, we clearly how to maximize the positive impact of the import trade, and reduce the negative impact on export trade suggestions to achieve coordinated and healthy development of trade and the environment. The main contribution of this paper are: (1) the environmental effects of trade analysis provides a new perspective, try to build a multi-index multi-level evaluation system of ecological environment effect, contribute to a more comprehensive environmental effects of China's trade understand and grasp. (2) both from trade import and export, specific analysis of the different effects of trade on the environment and mechanisms contribute to the objective and profound understanding of the role of the import and export trade on China's environment. (3) in the conclusion on the basis of the empirical analysis, put forward innovative policy proposals for how long Yang imports, to avoid the export trade of the short, in order to promote the harmonious development of trade and environment.

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