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The Aortic and Renal Injury Induced by Cold and High-salt Diet in Rats

Author: WangJiWei
Tutor: SuHai
School: Nanchang University
Course: Internal Medicine
Keywords: Cold Salt Hypertension Kidney Aortic
CLC: R544.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 20
Quote: 0
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Abstract


[Objective] To explore the cold, high-salt and cold with high salt compound stimulus impact on blood pressure and aortic and kidney damage. [Methods] SD male rats 32, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8): control group: conventional feeding; cold group: conventional feeding every day at 5 ℃ artificial climate chamber 4 hours; 3 high-salt group: containing 8% salt feed fed; 4. composite group: at the same time accept the 8% salt feed and cold stimuli. A period of eight weeks. One week before the experiment starts measuring blood pressure, 2 times per week, each time reading three times, taking the average value thereof for the peripheral blood pressure, and to calculate the the SBP area under curve (SBP-AUC). At the first 3 days, 4 weeks, 8 weeks the rats with metabolic cages to collect 24-hour urine determination the urine trace albumin (of mALB), retinol binding protein (RBP), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentration, calculated 24h urine of mALB the RBP, Na and K excretion. After eight weeks, in the carotid artery cannula serum obtained after blood centrifugation, dissected aorta and kidney. Measured by ELISA of serum endothelin -1 (ET-1) and angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) concentration. HE staining was observed in the light microscope aortic changes in the structure and the measurement of the aortic lumen diameter and medial thickness calculation medial thickness / lumen diameter. The lead citrate Electronics staining electron microscopy aortic endothelial cells change. RT-PCR assay aortic ET-1 and endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) mRNA expression and renal angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) mRNA expression. 【Results】 1.SBP change the high-salt group of rats 1 Zhou SBP increased, seven weeks up to the peak; increased cold group of three weeks, five weeks, up to the peak; composite group 1 Zhou SBP increased, five weeks up to the peak, and significantly higher than the the other two groups. Cold during the experiment group, the high-salt group and composite group SBP-AUC were significantly higher than those in control group (871.23 ± 52.54,866.43 ± 56.22,938.64 ± 52.90 vs 777.60 ± 26.68 mmHg.w P lt; 0.01), a composite group was the highest , no significant difference between the cold group with high salt group. 2. Serum ET-1 and Ang Ⅱ concentration cold group, the group of high-salt and composite serum ET-1 concentrations (13.56 ± 2.25,11.90 ± 1.94,16.5 ± 1.79 vs 9.32 ± 1.59pg/ml, P lt; 0.01) and Ang Ⅱ concentration (574.4 ± 63.2,502.2 ± 82.4,624.3 ± 85.5 vs 455.6 ± 72.1pg/ml P lt; 0.01) were significantly higher in the composite group was the highest, the cold followed by group. Rat aortic reconstruction and ET-1 and ETAR mRNA expression by light microscopy shows: the cold group, high-salt group and composite group aortic intima thickness compared with the control group was significantly thicker medial thickness / lumen diameter also significantly increased. Composite group was the most obvious, and the obvious myxoid degeneration of interstitial composite group of smooth muscle cells. Electron microscopy demonstrated that endothelial cells of the intervention group significant edema, vacuolar degeneration, part of the degeneration and necrosis of endothelial cells and the basement membrane peeling, particularly evident in the performance of the composite group. The intervention group aortic ET-1 and ETAR mRNA expression was significantly higher than that in the control group, no significant difference between the composite group was the highest, cold group with high salt group. 4 groups of rats 24h urine of mALB the RBP, Na and K excretion comparison the 24h urine mALB 4 weeks excretion was no significant difference, the 24h urinary RBP three intervention groups discharge volume higher than that of the control group; 8 weeks of the intervention group 24h urine mALB discharge volume higher than that of the control group, and the cold was significantly higher than the high-salt group (5.4 ± 0.9 vs 4.4 ± 0.8 mg, P lt; 0.05), 24h urine RBP excretion was significantly lower the high-salt group (71.5 ± 20.1 vs 86.9 ± 9.7μg P lt; 0.05) 24h urinary Na and K excretion and Na / K ratio as prolonged intervention time showed an increasing trend. 8 weeks cold group, high-salt group, composite group 24h to urinary Na discharged volume was significantly higher than that in the control group (5.38 ± 0.45,46.61 ± 3.80,60.61 ± 4.77 vs 2.39 ± 0.39mmol P lt; 0.01). Cold group 24h urinary K excretion with the control group was not significantly different from the high-salt group and composite group was significantly higher than the cold group and the control group (4.60 ± 0.45,5.48 ± 0.85 vs 1.52 ± 0.27mmol 1.21 ± 0.42mmol P lt; 0.01). 5. AT1R and AT2R mRNA expression in the kidney cold group, the high-salt group and composite group kidney AT1RmRNA expression was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.48 ± 0.01,0.33 ± 0.02,1.16 ± 0.04 vs 0.04 ± 0.01, P lt; 0.01) AT2R mRNA expression was significantly lower than the control group (0.38 ± 0.02,0.44 ± 0.04,0.30 ± 0.02 vs 0.80 ± 0.06, P lt; 0.01). 【Conclusion】 cold, high salt stimulation can cause high blood pressure, aortic structure and kidney dysfunction, both composite stimulation resulted in damage becomes more apparent. The level of compound stimulus induced endothelin and RAAS activation is related to the degree of aortic structure and renal dysfunction. Cold more easily lead to renal injury may be due to kidney tissue AT R expression raised more clearly related; high salt is more likely to lead to renal tubular dysfunction may be due to renal natriuresis load heavier relevant.

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CLC: > Medicine, health > Internal Medicine > Heart, blood vessels ( circulatory ) disease > Abnormal blood pressure > Hypertension
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