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Objective: athletes excessive or intense exercise may occur after exercise-induced immunosuppression, infectious disease, which affects their athletic ability. Study the role of the glucocorticoid receptor (Glucocorticoid Receptor, GR) in the exercise-induced immunosuppression, SD rats as experimental subjects, Incremental Exercise Treadmill rats eight weeks, the establishment of exercise-induced immune inhibition model GR mRNA and protein expression changes in the study of exercise-induced immunosuppression to clarify exercise-induced immune suppression of liver, spleen, GR mRNA and protein expression, and to explore the role of GR in the exercise-induced immune suppression occurred to lay the foundation for a follow-up study of the mechanism. Methods: selection of purebred health SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats 42, weight 180-200g, were randomly divided into the quiet control group (C, n = 12), moderate-intensity training group (M, n = 10), over- fatigue training group (O, n = 20). The adaptive feeding rats purchased three days after officially entered eight weeks Treadmill training phase, training six days a week, to take a day off; function changes with body weight, blood biochemical indicators to monitor the training process in rats , observe whether there is fatigue, the immune indicators change monitoring immunosuppressive model in order to establish the exercise-induced immune suppression caused by overtraining. Respectively, in the fifth week after the end of the eighth week of training, 36 hours orbital venous plexus blood cyanide methemoglobin assay detects the peripheral blood hemoglobin concentration, peripheral blood levels of testosterone and corticosterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry detection of peripheral blood T cell subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8), peripheral blood NK and NKT cells, helper T cells of Th1 and Th2 cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4 after the end of the eight weeks of training and blood collection experiment The animals were decapitated, the liver, spleen, and real time PCR and Western blot methods were used to detect the rat liver, spleen and GR mRNA and protein levels change. Results: (1) changes in the body weight of rats compared with sedentary control group, the weight of fatigue trained rats in the fourth week of a significant decline (P lt; 0.05), decreased more significantly in the five to eight weeks of body weight (P lt ; 0.01); entire experimental process the quiet control rats weight has always been to maintain growth. (2) rat peripheral blood hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, plasma testosterone (T) and corticosterone (Cort) levels change ① hemoglobin concentration change the end of the five weeks of training, the rats were compared between groups, Hb content does not significant difference, but the moderate-intensity training group compared with sedentary control group upward trend, the fatigue training group compared with sedentary control group on a downward trend; After the end of the eight weeks of training, the the fatigue training group Hb content with the quiet control group was significantly lower (P lt; 0.01). ② testosterone, corticosterone, and T / C change: in increments of eight weeks after the end of the exercise load training, compared with the quiet control group, the average plasma testosterone water of moderate-intensity training group and fatigue training group significantly decreased (P lt; 0.05) ; moderate-intensity training group plasma corticosterone was significantly higher (P lt; 0.05), the overtired training group increased more significantly (P lt; 0.01). Compared with the quiet control group, the T / C ratio of the change in performance for the the fatigue training group significantly decreased (P lt; 0.05). CD3 number of cells and CD4 / CD8 ratio as well as NK, NKT cell number change in increments of eight weeks after the end of the exercise load training, compared to the control group and quiet, fatigue training group rats CD3 cells in rats (3) Incremental Exercise the quantity decreased significantly (P lt; 0.01), NK cells was significantly decreased (P lt; 0.05); CD4 / CD8 ratio of NKT cells between the two groups had no significant difference. (4) Incremental Exercise rats with the Thl type-specific cytokines IFN-γ and Th2-specific cytokines IL-4 changes in increments of eight weeks after the end of the exercise load training, compared to the control group and quiet, fatigue training The rats Thl-type cytokines IFN-γ and Th2 cytokines IL-4 was significantly higher (P lt; 0.01), while significantly decreased (P lt; 0.05) IFN-Y/IL-4. Because IFN-γ is the the Thl type-specific cytokine, IL-4 is a Th2-specific cytokine, so IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio represents the Th1/Th2 balance. (5) incremental exercise load training after changes in the liver, spleen and GR mRNA expression levels in increments of eight weeks after the training load compared to the control group and quiet, liver, spleen and GR mRNA expression levels: GR mRNA expression levels of moderate-intensity group There was no significant change the the fatigue training group decreased significantly (P lt; 0.05). Changes in protein expression levels in liver, spleen and GR eight weeks after the end of the exercise load (6) increments training increasing load training, compared to the control group and quiet, moderate-intensity training group liver, spleen and GR protein levels significantly increased (respectively P lt; 0.01, P lt; 0.05), fatigue training group significantly decreased (P lt; 0.05). Conclusions: (1) changes in body weight of rats, general and biochemical indicators monitoring exercise showed that eight weeks increasing load training rats to chronic fatigue rat fatigue caused by the movement, coupled with changes in immune indicators illustrate The immunosuppressive modeling. (2) moderate-intensity exercise can promote the expression of the mRNA and protein levels of the liver, spleen and GR. (3) the overtired training lead to exercise-induced immune suppression, liver, spleen and GR mRNA and protein expression was inhibited. (4) exercise-induced immune suppression may occur with GR down.
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