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Arachis hypogaea is a spieces of herbaceous plant in the Arachis L. in leguminosae. In additon to food, peanut also used for dyeing, paper. At the same time, it is a good model to study the mechanism of gravitropism in plants.We identified 41 differentially expressed proteins under these five experimental group (growth naturally but not buried, growth naturally and buried, not buried but combined with mechanical stimulation, not buried but combined with the dark treatment, not buried but combined the mechanical stimulation and dark treatment) by proteomic technology. These proteins were involved in stress and defense (38%), such as lectin, pathogenesis-related protein and glutathione-S-transferase, the changes of these proteins protect peanut fruit-needle from the damage of external stimulation; carbohydrate and energy metabolism (22%), such as fructokinase 2, aconitase and ATP synthase beta subunit, the changes of these proteins can promote the gravitropism growth of fruit-needle and provide energy; basic metabolism (15%) such as lipoxygenase and S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, these proteins can provide the substrate for fruit-needle metabolism; photosynthesis (7%), such as oxygen-evolving enhancer protein and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit; cell structure (5%), such as actin; signal transduction (2%), such as protein containg WD40 domain; transcription (2%), such as glycine-rich RNA-binding protein; protein folding and degradation (2%), such as luminal binding protein, and unkown function (7%). We found that the differentially expressed proteins under growth naturally and buried, dark treatment and mechanical stimulation with dark treatment were more than mechanical stimulation, this may be mechanical stimulation taken in this experiment was relatively moderate. These results provide evidence for the molecular mechanism of development of peanut fruit-needle and pod, also provide new clues for the study of regulatory mechanism of physiological phenomena, such as plant gravitropism, negative phototropism and thigmotropism.
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