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Study on Variation of MC1R Gene in Hebei Domestic Chicken

Author: GuoXiuLi
Tutor: LiXiangLong
School: Agricultural University of Hebei
Course: Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction
Keywords: Hebei Domestic Chicken MC1R gene variation
CLC: S831
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 56
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Abstract


Melanocortin-1-receptor (MC1R), an important gene in investigation on the genetic of poultry plumage color, was used as a candidate gene affecting plumage color with the method of PCR amplication and directly sequencing in this study. The screening of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) within the whole encoding region of MC1R gene and genetic diversity were analyzed with four color strains consisting of Hebei Domestic Chicken (black, gray plumage color with black spots, yellow plumage color with black spots and white) and two red plumage color commercial chicken (Hy-Line Variety Brown and Lohmann Brown). The correlation between SNPs of MC1R gene and poultry plumage color, and allele distribution in different plumage color were analyzed combined with SNPs genotype frequency and haplotype allele frequency, in order to discuss with the effect of MC1R gene on plumage color heridity of Hebei Domestic Chicken and provide reference to the selection of new strain in Hebei Domestic Chicken.The results showed that the size percentage of gray plumage color with black spots chicken and yellow plumage color with black spots chicken, the main plumage color trait in this study, was increased by 7.52% and 7.60%, especially the population size of gray plumage color with black spots chicken prevailed with nearly 60%, which provides the basis for purification and reproduction in the future. And that the nucleotide diversity of the two plumage color strains was reduced. The distribution of homozygous genotype, e+ (AB220303)/e+ (AB220303) and e+ (Brown Leghone)/e+ (Brown Leghone) was increased significantly, which indicated that the selection had made progress.Eighteen SNPs were detected within MC1R gene encoding region in all analyzed populatons by direct sequencing of PCR amplification product, and ten novel SNPs (97T>A, 178G>A, 207G>A, 334C>T, 398T>C, 409G>A, 486C>T, 550delA, 551delA and 552delC (or 552C>T) was found in Hebei Domestic Chicken. The genetic dversity analysis indicated that the haplotype diversity (0.727~0.905), the nucleotide diversity (0.0039~0.0052) and the average number of nucleotide differences (2.551~3.381) within each color strain of Hebei Domestic Chicken were all significantly greater than that of Hy-Line Variety Brown and Lohmann Brown.The genotype of nine SNPs (69C>T, 212T>C, 274G>A, 376G>A, 398T>C, 427A>G, 636G>A, 637T>C and 644A>C) was significantly correlated to chicken plumage color, and then analysis combined with which and haplotype allele distribution in different different plumage color, it was deduced that the Val126Ile mutation (376G>A) might lead to a constitutive activity receptor and affect the eumelanin pigmentation together with Glu92Lys mutation.According to the distribution of haplotype allele in different plumage color, it was found that the black strain of Hebei Domestic Chicken was characterized with the type of dominant allele E(AY220304); recessive allele e+ (AY220303) and e+ (Brown Leghone) were the predominant allele of gray plumage color with black spots and yellow plumage color with black spots, respectively; recessive allele e+ (Brown Leghone) was mainly in the two red plumage color chicken of Hy-Line Variety Brown and Lohmann Brown. Besides, it was deduced that the Allele18 might be eWh allele, in view of the higher frequency of Allele18 detected in Rohman Brwon and the selection approach of this breed.The results of the study indicated that the selection of plumage color made progress in some way, and there were extensive variation whin MC1R gene of Hebei Domestic Chicken, corresponding to the abundant plumage color, consequently provides excellent genetic resources for further selection breeding. Some SNPs of MC1R gene significantly related to the plumage color, conferring that the MC1R gene is the candidate gene that affecting chicken plumage color.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Livestock, animal medicine,hunting,silkworm,bee > Poultry > Chicken
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