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Objective: kidney disease with inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis as the main feature, and renal interstitial fibrosis is considered the cause of end-stage renal failure ultimately means the meantime accompanied by glomerular mesangial cells and fibroblast activation, inflammation cell infiltration, apoptosis, and the basement membrane expansion, etc., but the fundamental reason is the development of inflammation. As an important member of inflammatory cells in mast cells (mast cell, MC) possibly through a variety of ways in the renal interstitial fibrosis plays an essential role. Currently medicine Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Rats have not yet been carried out on the role of mast cell research. Studies have evaluated the extension of renal oral (YSH) inhibition of mast cell degranulation on the efficacy of renal interstitial fibrosis, may link from the mast cells of renal fibrosis provides a new way for the clinical development of prevention and treatment of renal interstitial Fibrosis provide experimental basis. This study traditional Chinese medicine since the group UUO rats YSH suppress renal interstitial fibrosis, and from the perspective of mast cells in renal interstitial fibrosis YSH possible mechanism of inhibition. Methods: (1) research model and animal groups: the rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (unilateral ureteric obstruction, UUO) model as a research model of renal interstitial fibrosis. Randomly selected 75 healthy male SD rats were used as study sample, weighing 150 ± 20g, divided into the following five groups (n = 15): UUO group (model control); operation group (sham group / Sham group); UUO benazepril (positive control) group; UUO YSH low dose treatment group; UUO YSH high dose treatment group. Under sterile conditions down the left ureter ligation. After abdominal surgery group, isolated left ureter, but not ligated, and the remaining steps are the same. 1 start of preoperative administration, UUO group, surgical control group received 2.1ml / d saline, once daily, benazepril group was given 2.5ml / d, YSH high-and low-dose treatment group were given 2.1ml / d, 1.05ml / d orally, six weeks after surgery (42 days) collected specimens. (2) pathology testing and evaluation: Take the obstructed kidney HE staining of renal interstitial pathological changes, using standard assessment Banff renal interstitial fibrosis. (3) fibrotic renal tissue mast cell number and distribution of research: the use of toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry to detect renal tissue tryptase (Tryptase, mast cell surface specific expression) expression. (4) fibrotic renal tissue mast cell degranulation status ultrastructure and research: With the transmission electron microscope fibrotic renal tissue mast cell ultrastructural features. (5) in renal tissues of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression levels of detection: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect fibrosis in renal tissue TGF-β1 and α-SMA in expression changes, and semi-quantitative pathological image analysis. (6) experimental rat kidney function tests, and 24-hour urine protein determination: sacrificing blood and urine specimens for serum creatinine (SCR), urine creatinine (UCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric urea nitrogen (UUN) and 24-hour urinary protein excretion was measured. (7) all the data using statistical methods (χ ± s) that the use of statistical software SPSS12.0. Multiple groups were homogeneity of variance test after the application of single-factor analysis of variance. PEARSON correlation using linear correlation analysis. Results: (1) renal interstitial fibrosis in rats pathological changes: UUO after six weeks, the rats obstructed the performance of different degrees of renal enlargement, thinning of renal parenchyma, renal pelvis to expand. Light microscope operated control group had no significant pathological changes in rat kidney, UUO group showed tubulointerstitial inflammatory cells increased tubule cells showed varying degrees of degeneration, atrophy and necrosis, interstitial renal tubules widened, YSH high, low-dose treatment group and the benazepril group showed some mild tubular dilation, severity lighter than UUO group, and each group showed no significant pathological changes in glomeruli. (2) mast cell morphology and ultrastructural features: toluidine blue staining and Tryptase staining showed that mast cells are mainly distributed in the perivascular interstitial, compared with UUO group, YSH high and low dose treatment group and shellfish enalapril rats significantly reduced the number of mast cells (P lt; 0.05), transmission electron microscopy, UUO group degranulation of mast cells of irregular shape, electron density decreases, uneven coloring, cytoplasmic vacuoles appear in the film surface micro-villous processes increase, lost complete membrane structure, YSH high and low dose group and benazepril group compared with the UUO group, mast cells larger, no particle prolapse. (3) renal tissue TGF-β1, α-SMA expression levels: UUO group and each treatment group TGF-β1, α-SMA expression was significantly increased compared with the surgical control group was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); and UUO group, YSH high and low dose treatment group and the benazepril group renal interstitial TGF-β1, α-SMA expression was significantly decreased (P lt; 0.05); YSH high dose group compared with the benazepril group ratio, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). (4) BUN, UUN, SCR, UCR, and 24-hour urine protein results: YSH high and low dose treatment group and the benazepril group compared with the UUO group, BUN, UCR and UUN difference was significant (P lt; 0.01), YSH high dose group compared with the benazepril group, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05), SCR, and 24-hour urinary protein excretion in all groups showed no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). Conclusions: (1) YSH UUO rats inhibited renal interstitial fibrosis and Burnett Plymouth similar, and have some improvement UUO rats renal function; (2) of UUO rats showed renal infiltration of mast cells, functional status and renal interstitial fibrosis is closely related to the severity and YSH UUO rats reduces renal interstitial number of mast cells, ultrastructural pathology appear to inhibit the degranulation of its role; ( 3) YSH after UUO kidney tissue inhibiting TGF-β1, α-SMA expression, suggesting YSH possibly through mast cell-TGF-β1-Smad pathway play an anti-renal interstitial fibrosis.
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