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Lychee case Sapindaceae (Sapindaceae) lychee case, litchi is only lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn) and the Philippines lychee the (L. philippinensis Radl.) Two kinds. The litchi is only cultivated species, found in Yunnan two litchi varieties, brown hair litchi (L. chinensis var fulvosus YQ Lee) [3] and skinhead litchi (L. chinensis var. Spontaneous Pei) [4]. China is the center of origin and domestication of litchi, litchi producing countries as the most important international, annual output accounts for about 95% of the cultivation area of ??600,000 ha, mainly located in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places. Yongchun County is Quanzhou jurisdiction, the ancient name of \, East the half XianShu subtropical, mild climate, humid and rainy, summer long not hot, not cold in winter and short, is known as the \The subtropical eastern half of the county, is the the lychee economy of the northern margin of cultivation, the hilly plains rich lychee, resource-rich varieties known to late-maturing, high quality, high coke nuclear, but a small wooded hill about Yongchun known locally as' litchi 'litchi cultivars names and sources has been controversial. The study carried out on the basis of the resource survey of Yongchun County litchi cultivars using RAPD molecular markers to study the genetic diversity of 21 litchi samples, effective protection and rational use of Yongchun County litchi varieties resources, to provide a scientific basis for the litchi cultivation of new varieties genetic background. The main findings are as follows: 1. Substance rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides for litchi lead to DNA extraction and purification of difficult problems, litchi DNA extract improved SDS method regardless of quantity or purity can meet the requirements of RAPD analysis , and explore appropriate the lychee DNA extraction method. 2 Research lychee RAPD-PCR reaction system. 20μL of the reaction system, TaqDNA polymerase in an amount of 1.0 U, the concentration of the primers to 0.25μmol / L, and the concentration of dNTP to 0.2μmol / L, the concentration of template DNA, 1.5 ng / μL, 2μL ExBuffer. According to this system, 94 ℃ denaturation 5 min denaturation at 94 ° C for 1 min, 38 ° C annealing 90 s extension at 72 ° C for 2 min, 45 cycles of 72 ℃ for 10 min after the end of the cycle. The system amplified clear bands, to good effect, to meet the RAPD analysis. 8 RAPD primers screened from 100 primers, on a the 21 litchi sample RAPD analysis. Amplified a total of 102 with 87, including polymorphism, polymorphism percentage of 85.29%. 4. Based on the results of RAPD analysis, samples of the test 21 litchi cluster analysis results show that: the genetic distance between them is between 0.0833 to 0.664, revealing the genetic diversity among the varieties of litchi resources in Yongchun County, genetic similarity and kinship, to further clarify the genetic distance between varieties. More purposeful after the introduction, breeding selection, shorten the breeding of years to improve breeding efficiency has laid a theoretical basis. According to the known varieties of litchi name and genetic distance map, D = 0.62 to the tested varieties of litchi resource is divided into three categories. Study results showed that the the Yongchun local varieties of litchi resource called 'small wooded hill lychee' and 'champion Red', 'Song Hong', 'Chen Zi' close to the genetic distance, belong to the 'the champion Red' varieties type, rather than ' Wuye ';' Wuye 'Southampton' yuan red 'genetic distance was 0.146, very close to the genetic distance.
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