|
[Objective] buccal fat pad system. Study of normal anatomical characteristics of the buccal fat pad, and the relationship of the buccal fat pad and the surrounding tissue, nerves, blood vessels go line length, and buccal fat pad, buccal fat pad in cosmetic surgery, pedicle transplantation and clinical prosthodontics application of effective experimental basis and anatomical basis. [Methods] 10 cases, or 20 side formalin-fixed adult cadaver specimens the latex perfusion (none after treatment), layer by layer anatomical relationship of the buccal fat pad and nerves, blood vessels and surrounding tissue a detailed description and measurement. [Results] (1) the buccal fat pad cheek suddenly divided into triangular, slender, oval. Triangular side, 45% of the total number of side; slim side, 30% of the total number of side; the Elliptic 5 side, 25% of the total number of side. (2) the buccal fat pad cheek protrusion length of 23.90 ± 1.31mm, bottom width of 18.69 ± 1.90mm, 2.50 ± 0.28mm thick. The length of the pterygoid 11.19 ± 1.41mm, 14.75 ± 2.03mm wide at the bottom, the thickness of 1.96 ± 0.34 mm; (3) cheek suddenly the outermost end to the outer canthus of the eye, mandibular angle, nose, mouth and ear lobe distance respectively 58.08 ± 1.59mm, 39.87 ± 2.05mm, 53.68 ± 1.80mm, 63.97 ± 1.18mm, 45.73 ± 2.35mm. : (4) parotid duct buccal fat pad total of 4 side of the cheek below the sudden, accounting for 20%; the parotid duct buccal fat pad total of 15 side of the top of the cheek sudden, accounting for 75%. Parotid duct in the buccal fat pad under the cheek sudden through a total of 1 side, accounting for 5%. The parotid duct width by as follows: 3.75 ± 0.23 mm. Parotid duct at the beginning to the buccal fat pad distance was 31.14 ± 1.36mm. Parotid duct into the buccal space beginning to the relative mucosal distance of the ipsilateral maxillary second molar crowns for: 21.13 ± 1.00mm. (5) measurement of the blood vessels: superior alveolar artery was 22.23 ± 1.89mm. Buccal artery was 25.03 ± 2.45mm. Maxillary artery was 15.25 ± 0.72mm. Unknown artery was 22.22 ± 3.70 mm. The maxillary vein 15.12 ± 0.73 mm. The facial vein was 27.29 ± 1.43 mm. (6) vascular caliber: the posterior superior alveolar artery was 1.22 ± 0.12 mm. The buccal artery was 0.74 ± 0.10 mm. The maxillary artery was 1.90 ± 0.19 mm. Unknown artery was 0.57 ± 0.10 mm. The maxillary vein of 1.60 ± 0.17 mm. The facial vein was 2.22 ± 0.23 mm. (7) lingual nerve is the nerve measurement: 10.81 ± 1.05 mm. Buccal nerve was 21.92 ± 1.50 mm. Its caliber: the lingual nerve 2.12 ± 0.15mm. Buccal nerve 1.09 ± 0.08mm. (8) the pterygoid outside edge of the inferior alveolar nerve angle of 20 ° to 50 °. [Conclusion] (1) buccal fat pad cheek process is divided into three types, namely triangular 45%, the slimline 30% and elliptic 25%. (2) found that an unknown artery, maxillary artery branch, issued by the pterygopalatine fossa, the via wing palatal forward on the whole throughout the buccal buccal fat pad sudden its occurrence rate was 75% (13 sides). Name need to be further explored and identified. Side of the outer edge of the lower jaw (3) pterygoid and inferior alveolar nerve angle, the angle range of 20 ° to 50 °.
|