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Background and Purpose: HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) is a common malignancy of human beings, with a high degree of malignancy, endangering large, rapid development, a variety of treatment is poor, and low five-year survival. Because of poor treatment, so prevention and early diagnosis of HCC to become the main direction. Cystatin B (Cystatin B, CSTB) is a cysteine ??protease inhibitor superfamily one, studies have shown, CSTB in tumor tissues and body fluids has been expressed, and for tumor diagnosis and prognosis have a certain value. This study of HCC, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis group and the normal control group serology and immunohistochemical expression analysis CSTB levels in HCC and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters, and to explore their significance and in the diagnosis of HCC role in the development of HCC. Materials and Methods 1. Collect HCC, cirrhosis, hepatitis, and normal human serum, which HCC group of patients with newly diagnosed preoperatively collected serum samples collected simultaneously HCC, cirrhosis, hepatitis patient's tissue paraffin blocks. 2 by ELISA HCC, cirrhosis, hepatitis, and normal serum levels of CSTB compared four groups of serum levels of CSTB relationship. 3 of HCC serum CSTB levels and tumor grade, size, number, accompanied by hemorrhage and necrosis, with or without capsule, portal vein tumor thrombus, AFP levels, TNM stage, etc. The relationship between clinicopathological parameters. 4 using immunohistochemistry assay HCC, cirrhosis, hepatitis patients paraffin tissue specimens CSTB expression analysis in each group CSTB expression, CSTB HCC group also analyzed the expression and clinicopathological parameters relationship. Results 1 HCC, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis group and the control group serum CSTB content comparison HCC, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis group and the control group, the average concentrations were 225.76 ± 140.47nmol / L, 81.52 ± 36.95nmol / L , 41.67 ± 12.84nmol / L, 40.075 ± 9.70 nmol / L. CSTB HCC serum levels were significantly higher than the other three groups, there is a significant difference (p = 0.000); cirrhosis group were higher than in serum hepatitis CSTB and the control group, there were significant differences (p lt; 0.05); hepatitis group and control group had no significant difference between (p gt; 0.05). 2 HCC serum CSTB levels and clinicopathological parameters of the relationship between serum CSTB HCC patients with WHO grade levels related to high - differentiated group of 41 patients, the average concentration of 167.31 ± 62.72nmol / L; poorly differentiated group of 11 patients, with an average concentration was 434.49 ± 144.26 nmol / L. Poorly differentiated group was significantly higher than high - differentiated group, there was significant difference (p = 0.000). There are related with portal vein tumor thrombus, embolus group of 9 patients with an average concentration of 345.15 ± 169.24nmol / L; no thrombus group of 43 patients, the average concentration of 200.77 ± 121.70 nmol / L. There were significantly higher than those without thrombus thrombus group, there was a significant difference (p = 0.004). And whether the tumor capsule relevant, enveloped group of 16 cases, the average concentration of 159.94 ± 72.70 nmol / L; non-enveloped group of 36 patients, with an average concentration of 252.23 ± 152.22nmol / L. No capsule group than enveloped group, there was significant difference (p = 0.026). With the TNM staging, TNM Ⅰ - Ⅱ, 32 cases, the average concentration of 149.14 ± 80.19 nmol / L; TNM Ⅲ - Ⅳ 20 cases, the average concentration of 261.33 ± 146.12 nmol / L. TNM Ⅲ - Ⅳ was significantly higher than the TNM Ⅰ - Ⅱ stage, there is a significant difference (P = 0.012). And tumor size, number, and AFP is independent of concentration, no significant difference (p gt; 0.05). 3 HCC, liver cirrhosis and hepatitis tissues CSTB CSTB expression in HCC, liver cirrhosis and hepatitis tissues were positive, the positive intensity in HCC group were significantly stronger than the other groups, there were significant differences (P = 0.000) . Cirrhosis and hepatitis group had no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). HCC group CSTB expression and tumor WHO grading, poorly differentiated group was stronger than high - differentiated group, there was significant difference (P = 0.025). With TNM staging, TNM Ⅲ - Ⅳ stage was stronger in TNM Ⅰ - Ⅱ stage, there is a significant difference (P = 0.047). With portal vein thrombosis have, tumor size, number, with or without coating, AFP, etc. has nothing to do, no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion HCC patients CSTB expression was significantly increased compared with the other groups, and poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, portal vein tumor thrombus, no capsule and the TNM staging who CSTB high expression has been particularly increased. CSTB levels may prompt the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, the development has a certain significance.
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