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Shaanxi Province in the western development has an important strategic position, especially with the energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi accelerated pace, northern Shaanxi will become a large-scale development in the western growth of competitive industries and cultivate new economic growth point in key areas. The Loess ecological environment is very fragile, ravines, geological disasters occur frequently, society and people's lives and property caused huge losses. Therefore, careful investigation of geological disasters, strengthen the Loess geological disaster risk assessment and comprehensive countermeasures study, mitigate the damage caused by geological disasters, to accelerate economic development in northern regions, particularly to ensure their economic, social can sustainable development has important practical significance. In this paper, Loess geographical and geological environment (including natural and geographical conditions, geological and geomorphological conditions, hydrogeological conditions, particularly the structure and characteristics of loess), based on the first analysis of the Loess major geological disasters ( including landslides, mudslides, ground subsidence, ground fissures, etc.) and developmental characteristics of regularity and hazard effects. Secondly, the establishment of a historical scale of the disaster, disaster density history, historical disaster frequency, rock and soil engineering geological conditions, terrain slope, the annual average number of days of severe weather, vegetation coverage, intensity of human economic engineering activities, rural density, population density, 20 to 40 years the proportion of the population to the total population, high school or higher education population and the proportion of the total population, building (structure) building density distribution of important energy and chemical facilities, transportation, communication lines density, land development and utilization levels, a dependence between the secondary and tertiary industries, economic development dependent on external factors such as a 18 evaluation factors, intensity of historical disasters, disaster - environmental, social vulnerability, physical vulnerability and economic vulnerability to two evaluation factors, the risk of geological disasters and disaster body comprehensive integrated vulnerability assessment for the three factors Loess geological disaster risk assessment and evaluation model, the use of multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method Loess geological disaster risk assessment study made Loess geological disaster risk zoning. Finally, from a geological disaster prevention organization and management, project management, and other aspects of biological protection Loess comprehensive countermeasures of geological disasters.
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