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Eggplant (S.melongena L.) originated in Asia, southeast of India, Myanmar and near the tropical regions, has a long history of cultivation in China, has a rich eggplant germplasm resources. Genetic diversity studies of eggplant germplasm resources, conducive to the collection of eggplant germplasm resources, preservation, identification, innovation and rational utilization. Molecular markers reflect genetic differences between the germplasm directly from the DNA level, is the study of plant genetic diversity effective tool. RAPD marker with a simple, fast and no species-specific advantages, widely used in the research of genetic diversity and plant classification. In this study, the morphological markers and RAPD markers by combining the use of cluster analysis study of the genetic diversity of the 53 copies of eggplant germplasm. The main results are as follows: 1. Clustering analysis of 24 morphological traits of the tested germplasm using morphological markers, Euclidean distance of 53 germplasm between 80 to 15,590, with an average Euclidean distance of 2058 shows that the morphology of the tested germplasm diversity than the rich. The cluster analysis showed that the tested germplasm can be divided into three groups: the first groups of 30 germplasm and second groups of 10 germplasm groups 13 germplasm. Clustering result is not consistent with traditional fruit shape classification, and geographic distribution. 2. Eggplant genomic DNA extraction method suitable for: young leaves as experimental material, the use of improved CTAB method, the PVP powder that is added to the liquid nitrogen in the grinding process, in order to prevent the oxidation of phenols, obtained the quality eggplant genomic DNA. 3. RAPD technique system optimization under the present experimental conditions: 1 × reaction buffer (150μM) dNTP, 2.2mMMg 2 , 1 U of Taq DNA polymerase, 0.4μM primers, 30ng template DNA; reaction conditions : 92 ° C denaturation 5 min; 92 ° C for 1min, 38 ° C, 1min, 72 ° C, 1min, 45 cycles; 72 ° C for 8min. 4. RAPD technique to analyze the genetic diversity of 53 copies of eggplant germplasm resources derived from at home and abroad, 80 primers screened, get nine polymorphic, reproducible primers were used to analyze the tested materials . Amplified a total of 81 with 46 polymorphic bands, which accounted for 56.79%. The genetic similarity coefficients between 0.57 and 0.99 in the germplasm tested the genetic basis of relatively narrow. UPGMA tree display, 53 were tested eggplant germplasm divided into six groups: the first groups of a total of 29 germplasm the second groups germplasm and third groups of 3 germplasm fourth groups only 1 germplasm fifth groups of 4 parts of germplasm and sixth groups of 14 germplasm. Clustering result is not consistent with traditional fruit shape classification, there is no correlation with geographic distribution. 5. Morphological trait clustering and the RAPD cluster, found both results are less consistent. The former reflects phenotypic differences due to the interaction between genotype and living environment, genetic expression may be less stable, plant morphological and physiological characteristics are likely to change; latter is to reflect the group's entire genetic polymorphism more as a true and reliable.
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