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On Zengzi School \

Author: ZouHuiJie
Tutor: ZhangRuLun
School: Fudan University
Course: Chinese Philosophy
Keywords: "Zengzi school" xiao li ren zhong jing
CLC: B222
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 163
Quote: 0
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Abstract


The concept of xiao serves to define the ideal relationship between parents and children. Xiao is usually rendered as filial piety. It would not be an exaggeration to say that the concern with xiao pervades all aspects of Chinese culture. Among the various forms of virtuous conduct, xiao comes first, declares a well known ancient Chinese proverb. There is near unanimity among ancient Chinese thinkers about the important role of xiao in the Chinese ethos. The main topic of this article is the thoughts of xiao of Zengzi school.The so called Zengzi school refers to one of the Confucian schools, whose core figure was Zeng Can, a student of Confucius. Zengzi had many disciples. But we focus on Zengzi respectively. Zengzishipian is the primary texts. We usually refer Zengzi instead of his school.However, we don’t focus on how to do xiao, but try to answer these two questions in this treatise:Why xiao can play such an important role? Why Zengzi was so important in history? We have to inquiry the Confucius’ thought of xiao in order to know what and how Zengzi was influenced by his teacher. In my opinion, it is determined by the relationship to other core Confucian concepts. What is the relationship between xiao and ren? And what is the relationship between xiao and li? These are the main questions. Because Confucius discussed xiao in the background of the relationship between li and ren. Li fell down, and was used to zhizhong which meant that people who conducted li could do things properly. So Confucius accentuated ren. Li and ren are core concepts of Confucius. The relationship between li and ren is intimate. They are not two, and ren is the ground of li. Without ren, li died. So is the case of ren. They can not be separated.People usually regard that Confucius didn’t give a definition of xiao. He gave different students different answers, even though they had the same questions. But in my opinion, we can find some common phenomenon with the help of the ancient commentaries and notes. At last, we found that Confucius guided his students from the respect of ai or jing. In fact, ai and jing are the main contents of ren and li. So we concluded that Confucius always discussed xiao between the relationship of li and ren. Xiao is close relative to li as well as to ren. Xiao is the unity of li and ren. This maybe the reason why xiao can play such a great role in Confucius’thoughts.Zengzi, the disciple of Confucius, followed his teacher’s way in a complete sense. Zengzi discussed the thought of xiao in the same background as his teacher. There are three propositions:zhong is the root of xiao, xiao is the unity of zhong and li, and there are three kinds of xiao. The relationship between zhong and li is similar to the relationship between li and ren. And zhong plays a more basic role than li. There are three kinds of xiao, and Zengzi paid more attention to the middle one.Xue is another key word in Confucius’ thoughts. Xue means self-cultivation to a great extent. Be strict with oneself, and less strict on others. In another word, xue maens xiushen. From other view, the theme of Zengzishipian is xue. Xue includes xing, and xiao is xingqinzhiyiti. So the relationship between xiao and xue is very clear, and the concept of yiti is key to support the whole theory of Zengzi, even Confucian thoughts. Since yiti is actual, but not fancy, xiao is shixiao, and xue is shixue.

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CLC: > Philosophy, religion > Chinese Philosophy > Qin Dynasty ( 220) > Confucian
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