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Research on Urban Public Utility Enterprises from Investment Vision

Author: TangXiaoDong
Tutor: ZhuFangMing
School: Sichuan University
Course: Political Economics
Keywords: Investment Urban Public Utility Enterprises
CLC: F294.1
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2006
Downloads: 404
Quote: 0
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Abstract

The Urban Public Utility Enterprise is an economic organization that provides urban public interest with investment, production, operation and management of goods and services under certain economical and technological conditions. It provides common facilities not only for material production but also for social members. In a broad sense, the Urban Public Utility Enterprise covers both infrastructure and social fields. The infrastructure field includes energy, water resources and water supply and drainage, transportation, postal service, communication, environment, disaster prevention system and so on. The social field includes administration, finance and insurance, cultural recreation, sports, medical treatment and health care, education and research and so on. The Urban Public Utility Enterprise herein refers to the enterprise in a narrow sense. It covers industries of water supply, heat supply, gas supply, public transport, water drainage, wastewater treatment system, garbage treatment, landscape engineering, environmental health, roads and bridges, telecommunication, electricity, postal services, railway, roads, waterway transport and air transport and so on.Researches on Urban Public Utility Enterprises abroad are mainly focused on public welfare theory, natural monopoly theory, public benefit theory, and social responsibility theory and so on. Domestic researches of this field began at the end of 1980s while the researches were mainly focused on the regulation and reformation, operation mechanism, and privatization and so on. However, along with the further improvement of marketization and socialization, links such as investment, production, operation and management of Urban Public Utility Enterprises have been segmented and specialized. Furthermore, investment attribute of the Enterprises has been gradually separated and revealed. The Public Utility Enterprise has been transformed from production enterprise to investment enterprise and the investment attribute has become its essential feature and important connotation. Though a number of improvements have been made, there exist common defects in current researches results. Researches from the investment vision are ignored. The investment principal restructuring is also ignored. Systematical researches on investment impetus on the basis of urbanization are lacked. Neither research on the delimitation of investment scale frontier of Urban Public Utility Enterprise nor on the relations between urbanization stages and investment field and so on have been found.It is valuable to study the Urban Public Utility Enterprise from the investment vision. It’ll contribute to the improvement of urbanization, balanced development between urban and rural areas, improvement of investment result of China’s Public Utility Enterprise and the institutional innovation of Public Utility Enterprises.This paper starts with the nature of Urban Public Utility Enterprise and analyzes main process and result of its investment activities from the investment vision. It investigates the innovation of investment principal and analyzes the investment impetus, delimitation of the investment boundary and division of investment field. It also analyzes investment patterns and institutional innovation and the development of Public Utility Enterprise. Mission of researches is to promote the development of Public Utility Enterprise on the basis of investment analysis. Considering that, the paper conducts extended researches from investment vision in the following aspects.Firstly, on the basis of basic conception and relevant theories, the paper analyzes investment process and result from the investment vision, stressing the nature of Urban Public Utility Enterprise. From the investment vision, the paper studies the internal structure of Public Utility Enterprises, builds up an analyzing framework of Diamond Model to study the improvement of investment institution and the development of Pubic Utility Enterprise. There are four dimensions in the framework of Diamond Model. They are the analysis of investment impetus, the delimitation of possible frontier of investment scale, the relations between urban development stages and investment field of public utility enterprises and the investment patterns of urban public utility enterprise. The intersection of the four dimensions, that is, the apex, is the restructuring of investment principal of the Enterprise. Therefore, the four dimensions form the analyzing framework both for institutional innovation of investment and for the development of Public Utility Enterprises.Secondly, the paper discusses in detail the apex and the four dimensions of Diamond Model. It firstly analyzes the apex of the Diamond Model, which is the principal restructuring of investment of Public Utility Enterprises. It puts forward a regional concept for building policy finance of Urban Public Utility Enterprise. It also raises a model of urban investment enterprise that combines policy production and finance together. It is also named the Public Utility Enterprise Development-guided model for new city’s investment. Secondly, it studies the first dimension of the Diamond Model, which are the investment impetus and its transmission mechanism. The investment impetus mainly originates from the external pulling power of urbanization together with the internal pushing power determined by the nature of Public Utility Enterprise and the demand for public goods both in urban and rural areas. These two powers determined the scale, main fields and patterns of investment and so on. Thirdly, it analyzes the second dimension of the Diamond Model, which is the delimitation of investment possible frontier of the Public Utility Enterprises. It explains that the Public Utility Enterprises build the urban spaces, and then scientific planning of the city is the foundation of the investment scale. It explains the relations between the scale of cities and Enterprises’ investment scale. It is the total supply amount of urban land that determines the investment possible frontier of the Public Utility Enterprise. Positive analysis is made on the basis of the example of key and extra large cities in Southwest China. It also studies pricing equilibrium of the basis price of construction land that based on the service level of urban Public Utility Enterprise. Fourthly, it studies the third dimension, which is the development stages and relevant investment field of Public Utility Enterprises. It designs the appraisal index system for cities’ development stages and puts forward a comprehensive index for urban development. Positive analysis is made on the basis of the example of key and extra large cities in Southwest China. Four stages of the urban development are divided and it puts forward a theory of Investment Parabola for the relations between Public Utility Enterprises and city development level as well. Fifthly, it studies the forth dimension, which is the investment pattern of Urban Public Utility Enterprises. The duality of investment project of Urban Public Utility Enterprises is considered. Social goods, which include public goods, mixed goods and private goods, possess both the public nature and the private nature. The difference only lies in the two natures’ proportion in these goods. The Pubic Utility Enterprise is divided into public and operational ones according to the duality of its project. The investment principal, operation pattern, financing channel and equity attribution and so on are determined by project nature. It also analyzes the investment categories of Public Utility Enterprise according to direct, indirect and other patterns.Finally, it studies the institution innovation of investment and the development of China’s Public Utility Enterprises. Major problems in investment institution are discussed at first, which include the lack of innovation in investment principal, the short of investment impetus, the blindness in investment scale, the imbalance in investment fields and the unitary investment pattern and so on. The analysis proceeds by putting forward solutions to the problems. It contains the reform of property rights, the institutional innovation for investment, the management innovation, cultural innovation and governance innovation, etc.Innovation points of the paper are in the following aspects:The paper points out the nature of Public Utility Enterprises. The institutional arrangement for Public Utility Enterprises is aimed to realize the optimization of the total amount of organizational cost both for enterprises and government and market transaction cost. It is the aim and value pursuit by Public Utility Enterprise. It also determines the internal power for economical activities such as investment. The dominant feature of the Enterprise has changed from production to investment.The paper gives a new explanation to the function of Public Utility Enterprises. It is used to consider the Enterprise as an important link in common lives. As a matter of fact, the Enterprise also possesses a variety of political, economical and social connotations. Its function can be concluded into three levels. They are function of order consensus that implements national public policy and embodies a city’s basic function, function of development consensus that provide cities with public service facilities and promote economical development of cities, function of harmonious consensus that eliminates social public risks and guarantees a harmonious and stable society. The function of order consensus is the fundamental one while the function of development consensus lies in the middle and function of harmonious consensus is of higher level. The Public Utility Enterprise creates unlimited social value.The paper builds up an analyzing framework of Diamond Model for Public Utility Enterprise from the investment vision. The Model is used to study the restructuring of investment principal, the investment impetus, the delimitation of investment possible frontier and the division of investment field and its patterns.The paper points out the internal and external power for investment and its transmission mechanism. The investment impetus mainly originates from the external pulling power of urbanization together with the internal pushing power determined by the nature of Public Utility Enterprises and the demand for public goods both in urban and rural areas. The two powers determine the scale, major field and patterns of investment for Urban Public Utility Enterprises.The paper puts forward the possible frontier for investment scale of the Public Utility Enterprise. This analysis paradigm possesses a realistic meaning in changing current status of the Enterprises’ investment, improving the investment scale which is guided by government, eliminating the blindness in investment, and excess liabilities.The paper puts forward that the scientific urban planning is fundamental for the development of Public Utility Enterprises. The essence of planning is to build the technological space for social relations of production under certain level of social productive forces, to build up and maintain the space scale and order for social relations of production, to define quantity and quality, function and structure of the space. The public utility enterprise creates the space for people’s livelihood. Therefore, the scientific urban planning is the basis for the investment, production, management and development of Urban Public Utility Enterprises.The paper raises a theory of Investment Parabola for Public Utility Enterprises and development level of cities. It points out the development stages of cities and relevant field distribution of investment of Public Utility Enterprises. It lays a foundation for building a transparent and open mechanism of investment information distribution for Public Utility Enterprises in investment field.

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