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Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS) is a recurring during sleep, transient, reversible upper airway stenosis or obstruction, causing apnea or hypopnea, sometimes accompanied by snoring, causing excessive daytime sleepiness performance of a syndrome. Snoring (snoring disease) is snoring loudness over 60 db or more, prevent respiratory airflow through the upper respiratory tract, affecting the rest of people in the same room or causing trouble symptoms. Snoring is obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome is a very prominent symptom. Snoring and OSAHS is a common and frequently-occurring disease of the respiratory system, involving people of all ages, snoring prevalence rate of 3% to 48%; general prevalence of OSAHS infants from 1% to 3% of adults OSAHS prevalence of 2% to 4%, while the prevalence of OSAHS elderly up to 20% to 40%. Snoring and OSAHS mainly frequently during sleep apnea and hypopnea, causing chronic intermittent hypoxia, hypercapnia, pleural negative pressure increases, repeated arousals and sleep structure abnormalities, leading to autonomic nervous system dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation, vascular endothelial cell injury, blood viscosity, hypercoagulable state, fibrinolytic system abnormalities, urogenital and endocrine metabolic disorders and a series of clinical symptoms and complications. Snoring and OSAHS is currently considered a systemic disease, but also as heart and brain vascular diseases and lung diseases such as metabolic syndrome is an independent risk factor gradually be taken seriously, and become a hot research; has not been treating snoring and sleep in patients with OSAHS sudden death increases. But snoring and OSAHS is a chronic illness, medical workers, including a small number of people, including his heart and brain caused by pulmonary vascular complications and even multiple organ damage or disease still lack sufficient knowledge. He J, etc. on untreated OSAHS patients were followed up and found that AHI gt; 20 times / h in 5-year mortality was 11% to 13%, 8-year mortality as high as 37%, while cutting through the airways and continuous positive airway Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment no one died, and after UPPP surgery (UPPP) treatment in 6 deaths. Snoring and OSAHS patients with the ability to work seriously affect the quality of life and survival, and cause significant economic burden on society. Therefore, this study 2002 Chengde snoring and OSAHS groups for 7 year follow-up survey to explore the snoring and OSAHS on human health effects were observed snoring and non-snoring crowd different follow-up period of seven years the incidence of complications morbidity and mortality, risk factors analyzed and compared with untreated OSAHS patients before and after follow-up monitoring and clinical characteristics of sleep changes for disease prevention provide a theoretical basis. This study consists of two parts: the first part: Chengde city residents and non-snoring snoring 7-year follow-up study population Part II: obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome Sleep Monitoring Features of urban residents in the first part of Chengde snore disease and non-snoring 7-year follow-up study populations Objective: To investigate the impact on human health of snoring, snoring and non-snoring crowd observing year follow-up period of seven different morbidity and mortality, to analyze the risk factors for provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of disease. Methods: The study was conducted in 2002, Chengde snoring and OSAHS epidemiological survey population 1168, in February 2009 ~ May be followed up, again designed household survey questionnaire. Snoring group of 298 people (including 27 deaths), non-snoring group of 764 people (including 24 deaths). Non-snoring group had 144 people during a seven-year follow-up of snoring (snoring level grade ≥ 2). Compare snoring and non-snoring group of seven year follow-up period of morbidity and mortality, analyzing non-snorers snoring during the 7-year follow-up of risk factors (logistic regression), and cognitive context. Results: 1. Snorers and non-snorers 7-year follow-up period compared the incidence of various complications: 7-year follow-up period of snoring group, the incidence of hypertension was significantly higher than non-snorers, respectively, 75.6% and 17.4 %, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); coronary heart disease incidence rates were 25.8% and 7.2%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 21.8% and 5.7%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); diabetes incidence rates were 19.2% and 4.2%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); chronic kidney disease incidence rates were 4.1% and 0.5%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). 2 snorers and non-snorers died of various diseases mortality comparison: CPC survey population killed 51 people, including 27 deaths snorers, non-snorers killed 24 people, snorers mortality significantly higher than non-snorers, respectively, 9.06% and 3.87%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). Among them, the snorers and non-snorers died of cancer mortality rates were 2.3% and 0.6%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.05); cerebrovascular disease mortality rates were 3.7% and 1.0%, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); cardiovascular disease mortality rates were 3.0% and 1.5%, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). 3 non-snorers snoring during seven years of follow-up logistic regression analysis of risk factors: family history of snoring, smoking index, body mass index and the incidence of snoring was significantly associated (P lt; 0.01), age and related to the occurrence of snoring (P lt; 0.05). 4 snoring cognition: the crowd that snoring is sick and in need of treatment in 2002 to 25.34% in 2009 to 23.44 percent, two surveys, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion: snoring are hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes and chronic kidney disease and other risk factors for disease. Mortality was significantly higher than non-snoring snoring crowd crowd. Snoring family history, smoking index, or BMI, age is a risk factor for snoring occurs. People snoring and OSAHS cognitive disease situation has not improved significantly. Therefore, we should further step up publicity efforts. The second part of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome Sleep Monitoring Features Analysis Objective: To analyze untreated OSAHS patients before and after 7 years of follow-up monitoring and clinical characteristics of sleep changes. Methods: The subjects were 2002 Chengde epidemiological survey and application of portable sleep monitor OSAHS patients diagnosed 99 cases, including 63 cases of middle-aged group (45 males, 18 females), age group of 36 patients (22 males, 14 females), were not receiving treatment, seven years after follow-up, OK Sleep apnea monitor and analyze the clinical features vary. Results: 1. Middle-aged and elderly groups seven years ago severity and clinical characteristics of patients with OSAHS middle-aged group changes nighttime awakenings high incidence in the elderly group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.05); aged group, the incidence of daytime sleepiness in patients with OSAHS and older group, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05); elderly patients with OSAHS group incidence of hypertension in middle-aged group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.05) ; elderly group OSAHS patients with coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes incidence was significantly higher than the middle-aged group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); middle age group the severity of OSAHS patients significantly worse than seven years ago, difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01); older group compared with the severity of OSAHS patients have increased seven years ago, but the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). Two middle-aged and elderly groups before and after sleep in patients with OSAHS seven indicators for monitoring changes in (a) before and after their comparison: the middle-aged group of 7-year follow-up in patients with OSAHS sleep apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from 21.7 Ci / h increasing to 30.2 times / h, body mass index (BMI), ESS scores were significantly increased, the lowest oxygen saturation during sleep (L SaO2) decreased significantly compared after seven years ago, there were significant differences (P lt; 0.01); elderly patients with OSAHS group AHI from 25.6 beats / min increased to 30.7 beats / min, BMI tended to increase, ESS score with ease trend, but after seven years ago was no significant difference (P gt; 0.05); L SaO2 decreased over seven years ago, difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). (2) changes in the value comparison between the two groups: middle-aged group OSAHS patients were followed up after seven years in AHI was significantly higher than the rise in the elderly group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). Middle-aged group L SaO2 decreased after 7 years follow-up was significantly higher than the older group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). Conclusion: middle-aged untreated OSAHS patients grow older, gradually increase the degree of sleep disorders, the elderly untreated OSAHS patients with extended duration of sleep disorders progress slowed down, but complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular increased significantly. Showed that obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a potentially progressive disease, early treatment should be delayed progression and reduce complications.
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