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Wang Chong’s Four Theories of Literature

Author: ZhangJing
Tutor: YangQingZhi
School: Hainan Normal University,
Course: Literature and Art
Keywords: Wang Chong literati theory stylistics truthfulness theory language theory
CLC: I206.2
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 59
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Abstract

Wang Chong is a landmark literary theorist in literary history. In the slow development from the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties’ "Big rodman view" to Wei-Jin-South-North Period’s "Essays view", he walks ahead of other contemporary theorists, firstly he puts forward the question of literati status and value, meanwhile he explicitly proposes the stylistics of "Made five rodman alive", which basically establishes the rudiment of essays theory. Under this theoretical framework, he discusses the literary truthfulness of historical essay、political essay、academic essay, expressing his emphasis on literary truthfulness, in the last, Wang Chong is also the first man who clearly advocates the consistency of oral and written language in literary history.The paper plans to highlight Wang Chong’s important status in literary history, through presenting his point of view on writers、literary form、literary truthfulness and language.The introduction mainly presents the background of Wang Chong’s essay analysis, the person and his books, together with the review of<Lunheng>. As Wang Chong’s essay analysis appears during the development from the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties’"Big rodman view" to Wei-Jin-South-North Period’s "Essays view", his essay analysis is obviously influenced by the Pre-Qin essay analysis theory, in the meantime, his essay analysis provides the basis for mexed literature theory framework in Wei-Jin Period. The research review of <Luheng> primarily summarizes the comments on<Luheng> for nearly 2000 years.The Chapter 1 literati theory, firstly to make clear Wang Chong’s point of view on the connotation of so-called literatus, influenced by Pre-Qin Big rodman view, he included all people who write academic pratical writing and articles. On the basis a great number of literatus appearing, Wang classified and made comments on them, and learned scholar was his most recommended person. Most learned scholar wrote essays and articles, which is the man writing books and theory highly appraised by Wang. Wang built up strong cases to prove literati were talented, which had done indelible contributions to themselves and the country, to affirm the scholars’ value. Wang’s such view set big influence to later generations. Cao Pi was directly guided and influenced, he pointed out that articles are "the Nation’s Cause", taking writing articles as a big choice in one’s life. It is thus clear that Wang’s literati theory provided firm theoretical foundation for later generations’literati analysis.The Chapter 2 the stylistics, stylistics means the style of literature. The classification to style of literature obviously reflects the changes of literature concept. From the Pre-Qin unclear literature style classification consiousness, to Wang’s literature style classification of the listed five rodman alive, it is a great progress. The proposal of five styles reveals the knowledge of literature style in Han Danasty, at the same time of keeping trail of the Pre-Qin Big rodman view, starting to make progress following the view of mixed literature. This certainly set up foundation for the complete establishment of mixed literature system in Wei-Jin period.The chapter 3, here presents 3 topics:truthfulness in story、truthfulness in emotion、truthfulness in reason. Truthfulness in story emphasizes literature the reflection of objective reality, which is consistent to Wang’s emphasis of literature’s social function. And truthfulness in emotion rightly not only retain the Pre-Qin’s tradition of literature truch-seeking, but also inspire later literary theorist to make more research on sources of writers’creation emotion, futhermore in Wei-Jin period discussion on emotion sources at one hand pay attention to social life, in the meanwhile pay attention to the inspiration of the universe life to writers’ creation emotion. Regarding exaggeration in literature, although Wang’s knowledge was comparatively conservative, later he admited at a certain extent the actual effection of exaggeration, while his inheritors made the understanding more completely when discussing the question.The Chapter 4 Theory on language, firstly from structure feature of Chinese characters, analysize the reason of the separate of oral and written language. Then expound Wang’s view to the separate of oral and written language, mainly consisting of his attitude to oral and written language separate, his stand on consistency of oral and written language, etc. at last discuss the 2 waves of consistency of oral and written language after Wang, to stand out the sensitivity of Wang’s theory on oral and written language, and his status in the language theory history.

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