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ObjectiveThe expression of nucleophosmin in human colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and adjacent tissue was examined to explore the clinical significance of nucleophosmin in the development of colorectal carcinoma.MethodsImmunohistochemical S-P technique was used to determine the expression of NPM in 48 cases of colorectal adenoma, 39 cases of colorectal carcinoma, 26 cases of adjacent nontumorous tissue. Withβ-actin as a internal reference, fresh specimens from 18 cases of colorectal adenoma, 18 cases of colorectal carcinoma and the adjacent tissue were also collected for real time quantitation polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 statistic software. Probability value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsImmunohistochemistry method showed that NPM mainly located in nucleus, with intensive staining found in bigger and more irregular nucleus. NPM was also stained in the nucleus of smooth muscle cells and lymphocytes. The NPM positive rate detected in adjacent tissue, colorectal adenoma and colorectal carcinoma was 38.46%, 70.83%, 76.92%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between them (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant association between the expression of NPM in colorectal carcinoma (76.92%) and adenoma with severe dysplasia (71.42%). While NPM expression in colorectal carcinoma showed no correlation to clinical parameters such as age, sex, OB, CEA, tumour size and the differentiation(P>0.05), while its expression in colorectal carcinoma correlated with Dukes Status, lymph node and metastasis (P<0.05).RT-PCR showed that the relative expression of NPMmRNA in adenoma, colorectal carcinoma, adjacent tissue was 0.477±0.124, 0.779±0.180 and 0.222±0.054, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between them(P<0.05). In addition, the expression of NPM in colorectal carcinoma correlated with lymph node (P<0.05).ConclusionsImmunohistochemistry and RT-PCR showed that the expression of NPM gradually increased in the orders of adjacent tissue, adenoma and carcinoma, suggesting that it is an early event in the development of carcinoma. The expression of NPM in colorectal carcinoma correlated with lymph node, which might be involved in carcinogenesis and progression in colorectal carcinoma. Detection of NPM may be of great clinical value for early diagnosis, management guidance and prognosis assessment of colorectal carcinoma.
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