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Background and Purpose colorectal cancer common malignancies, including colon and rectal cancer. The incidence increases with the aging of the global population and material improvement of living standards rise year by year. According to statistics, in 2000-2005 an average rate of 2% increments, has been a serious threat to human health. Since the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer is the cause of difficult to treat and the main prognostic investigate the mechanism of invasion and metastasis become one of the hot. Changes in gene expression is to determine the basis of colorectal cancer malignant phenotype. Therefore, the need for further research and find the clinical significance of colorectal cancer related genes or proteins. Cancer Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology SLP-2 gene and human esophageal cancer was first discovered, closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer, throat cancer, endometrial cancer, a new oncogene. And reported in the literature, with tumor invasion and metastasis, suggesting the possible interaction with the Rho family of proteins, involved in TPA-Rho signaling pathways to regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. CDC42 protein belongs to one of the members of the Rho family of small G proteins Rho family proteins in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton, play an important role in cell cycle progression, cell adhesion and cell migration, apoptosis, and gene transcription regulation. Recent studies have found that Rho family participate in a variety of tumor occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis. So far, at home and abroad has not been reported relationship SLP-2 and CDC42 protein and colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to SLP-2 and CDC42 protein in normal colorectal tissue by detecting colorectal adenomas associated with the relationship between the expression in atypical hyperplasia tissues and colorectal carcinoma and its clinicopathological factors and colorectal cancer, aims to further explore them in colorectal cancer, provide some theoretical basis for the development of the role of clinical diagnosis and gene therapy for colorectal cancer. Materials and methods using the two-step method of immunohistochemistry detected 21 cases of normal colorectal mucosa, 18 cases of colorectal adenoma with atypical hyperplasia tissues and 63 cases of colorectal cancer tissues SLP-2 and CDC42 protein expression, application SSPS13.0 Statistics Software analysis results. The positive rate compared using chi-square test, the relationship between the two variables analyzed using spearman rank correlation analysis, the test level α = 0.05. Results (1) SLP-2 protein in normal mucosa of colorectal adenoma with dysplasia and colorectal cancer tissues, the positive expression rate were 19.0%, 38.9%, 69.8%, pairwise comparisons among the three groups in colorectal cancer normal mucosa, colorectal adenoma with atypical hyperplasia epithelium difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), normal mucosa and colorectal adenoma with atypical hyperplasia tissue difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). (2) CDC42 protein in normal mucosa of colorectal adenoma with dysplasia and colorectal cancer tissues, the positive expression rate was 38.1%, 44.4%, 73.0%, pairwise comparisons among the three groups, colorectal cancer tissue and normal colon mucosa, adenoma associated with atypical hyperplasia tissue differences was statistically significant (P <0.05), normal mucosa and colorectal adenoma with atypical hyperplasia tissue difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). (3) SLP-2 protein in colorectal cancer, lymph node metastasis and without metastasis, the positive expression rate was 84.0% and 60.5%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) between the two. (4) CDC42 protein in colorectal cancer, lymph node metastasis and without metastasis, the positive expression rate was 88.0% and 55.3%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) between the two; CDC42, protein in positive expression in colorectal carcinoma with Dukes stage CD and AB of the positive expression rate of 87.0% and 62.5%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). (5) SLP-2 and CDC42 protein expression was positively correlated (r = 0.458, P <0.01). Conclusions (1) SLP-2 and CDC42 protein expression in atypical hyperplasia tissues associated with colorectal cancer and adenoma were significantly higher than the normal control group, and is closely related with Dukes stage, and lymph node metastasis. This suggests that their high expression in the incidence of colorectal cancer development may play an important role, and may be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. (2) SLP-2 and CDC42 protein expression was positively correlated with the coordination role for tumor development, suggesting that the two may exist.
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